Tafsir Al-Fajr (89) — الفجر

وَٱلْفَجْرِ ﴿١﴾

Allah may He be glorified takes an oath on the dawn. وليال عشر

وَلَيَالٍ عَشْرٍۢ ﴿٢﴾

And He takes an oath on the first ten nights of Dhul-Ḥijjah

وَٱلشَّفْعِ وَٱلْوَتْرِ ﴿٣﴾

He also takes an oath on the odd and even of things

وَٱلَّيْلِ إِذَا يَسْرِ ﴿٤﴾

And He takes an oath on the night when it arrives, continues and goes away. The complement of these oaths is: you will definitely be requited for your actions. هل فى ذلك قسم لذى حجر

هَلْ فِى ذَٰلِكَ قَسَمٌۭ لِّذِى حِجْرٍ ﴿٥﴾

In any of the aforementioned, is there any oath that benefits the intelligent one? ألم تر كيف فعل ربك بعاد

أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِعَادٍ ﴿٦﴾

O Messenger! Do you not see what your Lord did with the ‘Ād i.e. the people of Hud, when they rejected their Messenger?

إِرَمَ ذَاتِ ٱلْعِمَادِ ﴿٧﴾

The tribe of ‘Ād that traced to its forefather, the tall Iram

ٱلَّتِى لَمْ يُخْلَقْ مِثْلُهَا فِى ٱلْبِلَـٰدِ ﴿٨﴾

The likes of which Allah never created in the cities

وَثَمُودَ ٱلَّذِينَ جَابُوا۟ ٱلصَّخْرَ بِٱلْوَادِ ﴿٩﴾

And do you not see what your Lord did with the Thamūd i.e. the tribe of Saleh, who would carve the stones of the mountains, making houses out of them. بلغ Qur’an · Tafsir

وَفِرْعَوْنَ ذِى ٱلْأَوْتَادِ ﴿١٠﴾

And do you not see what your Lord did to Pharaoh, who had pegs with which he punished the people?

ٱلَّذِينَ طَغَوْا۟ فِى ٱلْبِلَـٰدِ ﴿١١﴾

All these people transgressed the limit in tyranny and oppression; each of them transgressed it in his land

فَأَكْثَرُوا۟ فِيهَا ٱلْفَسَادَ ﴿١٢﴾

They caused an abundance of corruption due to spreading disbelief and sins. فصب عليهم ربك سوط عذاب

فَصَبَّ عَلَيْهِمْ رَبُّكَ سَوْطَ عَذَابٍ ﴿١٣﴾

So Allah made them suffer His severe punishment, and annihilated them off the earth

إِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَبِٱلْمِرْصَادِ ﴿١٤﴾

O Messenger! Indeed, your Lord watches over and observes the actions of the people, so that He can requite whoever does good with Paradise, and whoever does evil with the hellfire

فَأَمَّا ٱلْإِنسَـٰنُ إِذَا مَا ٱبْتَلَىٰهُ رَبُّهُۥ فَأَكْرَمَهُۥ وَنَعَّمَهُۥ فَيَقُولُ رَبِّىٓ أَكْرَمَنِ ﴿١٥﴾

Because the nations Allah destroyed were blessed with power and strength, Allah explains that blessing them with such is not proof of His being pleased with them. He says: As for the human, it is in his nature that when he is tested by his Lord and He favours him by blessing him with wealth, honour and offspring, he thinks that it is because of his nobility in the eyes of Allah. He says: “My Lord has favoured me because of me being worthy of being favoured.”

وَأَمَّآ إِذَا مَا ٱبْتَلَىٰهُ فَقَدَرَ عَلَيْهِ رِزْقَهُۥ فَيَقُولُ رَبِّىٓ أَهَـٰنَنِ ﴿١٦﴾

And as for when He tests him by restricting his sustenance, he thinks it is because of his insignificance in the eyes of his Lord. So he says: “My Lord has disgraced me.”

كَلَّا ۖ بَل لَّا تُكْرِمُونَ ٱلْيَتِيمَ ﴿١٧﴾

Never! It is not as this human thinks, that favouring is proof of Allah being pleased with His servant, and that misfortune is proof of the servant’s insignificance in the eyes of his Lord. Rather, the reality is that you do not show generosity towards the orphan from the sustenance Allah has provided you with

وَلَا تَحَـٰٓضُّونَ عَلَىٰ طَعَامِ ٱلْمِسْكِينِ ﴿١٨﴾

Neither do any of you encourage the other in feeding the poor person who cannot find anything to consume. بلغ Qur’an · Tafsir م

وَتَأْكُلُونَ ٱلتُّرَاثَ أَكْلًۭا لَّمًّۭا ﴿١٩﴾

You relentlessly devour the rights of the weak,م i.e.بthe women and orphans, without consideration for its permissibility

وَتُحِبُّونَ ٱلْمَالَ حُبًّۭا جَمًّۭا ﴿٢٠﴾

And you intensely love wealth, being miserlyك كin spending it in the path of Allah, due to your greed of it

كَلَّآ إِذَا دُكَّتِ ٱلْأَرْضُ دَكًّۭا دَكًّۭا ﴿٢١﴾

These actions are not befitting of you. Rememberف ف when the earth will be moved vigorously and shaken

وَجَآءَ رَبُّكَ وَٱلْمَلَكُ صَفًّۭا صَفًّۭا ﴿٢٢﴾

And your Lord will come, O Messenger, to pass judgement between His servants, and the angels will also come arranged in rows

وَجِا۟ىٓءَ يَوْمَئِذٍۭ بِجَهَنَّمَ ۚ يَوْمَئِذٍۢ يَتَذَكَّرُ ٱلْإِنسَـٰنُ وَأَنَّىٰ لَهُ ٱلذِّكْرَىٰ ﴿٢٣﴾

And on that day, hell will be brought with it having seventy thousand reins, each rein being pulled by seventy thousand angels. On that day, the human will remember his shortcomings in the rights of Allah, but that remembrance on that day will not benefit him in the slightest, because it will be a Day of Requital, not action! يقول يليتنى قدمت لحياتى

يَقُولُ يَـٰلَيْتَنِى قَدَّمْتُ لِحَيَاتِى ﴿٢٤﴾

He will say out of intense regret: “If only I had sent forth good deeds for my life Hereafter, which is the real life.” فيومئذ لا يعذب عذابه أحد

فَيَوْمَئِذٍۢ لَّا يُعَذِّبُ عَذَابَهُۥٓ أَحَدٌۭ ﴿٢٥﴾

On that day no one will penalise like the penalising of Allah, because the penalising of Allah is most severe and lasting. ولا يوثق وثاقه أحد

وَلَا يُوثِقُ وَثَاقَهُۥٓ أَحَدٌۭ ﴿٢٦﴾

Neither will anyone bind in chains like His binding of the disbelievers in chains

يَـٰٓأَيَّتُهَا ٱلنَّفْسُ ٱلْمُطْمَئِنَّةُ ﴿٢٧﴾

After Allah mentioned the requital of the disbelievers, He mentions the requital of the believers. He says: As for the soul of the believer, it will be told at the time of death and on the Day of Judgement: “O the soul contented with faith and good deeds!” بلغ Qur’an · Tafsir

ٱرْجِعِىٓ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكِ رَاضِيَةًۭ مَّرْضِيَّةًۭ ﴿٢٨﴾

“Return to your Lord, pleased with Him because of the abundant reward you will receive, and with Him may He be glorified being pleased with you because of your good deeds.”

فَٱدْخُلِى فِى عِبَـٰدِى ﴿٢٩﴾

“Now enter along with My pious servants.”

وَٱدْخُلِى جَنَّتِى ﴿٣٠﴾

“And enter with them into My Paradise, which I have prepared for them.”